Bankruptcy Pat DueYou cannot be put in jail for failing to pay your debts. However, if you have the ability to pay child support or alimony and fail to pay, a Court may put you in jail for contempt of court. You may also be put in jail for willfully evading tax debts. Lastly, if you have been ordered to pay restitution as part of a criminal conviction, you can be put in jail for failing to pay the restitution ordered by the court.